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Gua Lou (Mongolian Snakegourd Fruit)
Botanical Name: Trichosanthes kirilowii or Trichosanthes rosthornii
TCM Name: Gua Lou
Common Name: Snakegourd Fruit
Overview:
Gua Lou is the dried whole fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii, a climbing plant traditionally used in Chinese medicine. This fruit is known for its ability to clear heat, transform phlegm, relieve chest congestion, and moisten the intestines. It is frequently used to address respiratory and digestive issues, especially those related to excess heat and phlegm.
Botanical Characteristics:
The plant produces large, round to oval fruits with a tough outer shell and fibrous interior. All parts of the fruit have medicinal value, with the whole fruit (Gua Lou), the seed (Gua Lou Ren), and the peel (Gua Lou Pi) used in different formulations.
Traditional Uses in TCM:
Clears Heat and Transforms Phlegm
Used to treat coughs with thick, yellow sputum caused by phlegm-heat in the lungs.
Opens the Chest and Relieves Congestion
Prescribed for chest tightness, oppression, and pain from phlegm accumulation.
Moistens the Intestines and Relieves Constipation
Especially effective for dry constipation due to internal heat and fluid deficiency.
Promotes Healing in Carbuncles and Abscesses
Often included in external and internal remedies for toxic swellings.
Pharmacological Properties:
Gua Lou contains triterpenes, saponins, and flavonoids with proven expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and laxative effects. Modern studies support its role in treating bronchial inflammation, promoting bowel motility, and modulating immune responses.
Preparation and Dosage:
Form: Typically used in decoctions or powdered form as part of compound formulas.
Dosage: 9–15 grams per day, depending on clinical application.
Precautions:
Contraindicated in cases of diarrhea due to spleen deficiency.
Should not be combined with Aconitum species (such as Fu Zi), as the combination is traditionally considered incompatible.
Use with caution in pregnancy and under the guidance of a qualified practitioner.
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