I. Hydraulic Station
1. Definition
Ahydraulic stationis anintegrated hydraulic power unitthat typically combines a hydraulic pump, drive motor, oil tank, control valve block, filters, coolers, and other components into a closed or semi-closed enclosure, forming an independent hydraulic power source.
2. Core Components
【表格】
Component Function Description
Hydraulic Pump Converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy (e.g., gear pumps, piston pumps, vane pumps).
Drive Motor Provides power to the hydraulic pump (usually a three-phase asynchronous motor or servo motor).
Oil Tank Stores hydraulic fluid and provides cooling and sedimentation of contaminants.
Control Valve Block Includes directional valves, pressure valves, and flow valves to control oil flow direction, pressure, and flow rate.
Filters Remove impurities from the hydraulic fluid to prevent system contamination (e.g., suction filters, return filters, high-pressure filters).
Cooler Reduces fluid temperature (air-cooled or water-cooled) to prevent overheating.
Piping System Connects components to form a fluid circulation path.
3. Typical Functions
• Stable Pressure Supply: Outputs constant or adjustable pressure via pumps and valves.
• Energy Transfer: Converts motor power into hydraulic energy to drive actuators (e.g., cylinders, motors).
• System Protection: Prevents overload, contamination, and leaks through filters and safety valves.
• Temperature Control: Maintains optimal fluid temperature via coolers.
4. Application Scenarios
• Industrial Equipment: Machine tools, die-casting machines, injection molding machines, shear machines.
• Construction Machinery: Cranes, concrete pump trucks, tunnel boring machines (some use modular hydraulic stations).
• Automation Lines: Robots, assembly lines, conveyor systems.
• Energy Sector: Wind turbine pitch systems, hydroelectric gate controls.
5. Advantages
• Integrated Design: Saves installation space and reduces piping complexity.
• Modular Structure: Easy maintenance and scalability (e.g., pump/valve replacement).
• Standardized Production: Enables mass manufacturing and cost reduction.
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II. Hydraulic System
1. Definition
Ahydraulic systemis acomplete power transmission and control systemthat uses hydraulic fluid as the working medium to transfer power and motion through pressure energy. It includes power components, actuators, control components, auxiliary components, and working fluid (hydraulic oil).
2. Core Components
【表格】
Subsystem Component Examples
Power Components Hydraulic pumps (e.g., gear, piston, vane pumps), hydraulic stations (integrated power sources).
Actuators Hydraulic cylinders (linear motion), hydraulic motors (rotary motion).
Control Components Directional valves (e.g., directional control valves), pressure valves (e.g., relief valves), flow valves (e.g., throttle valves), proportional valves, servo valves.
Auxiliary Components Oil tanks, filters, coolers, accumulators, pressure gauges, piping, seals.
Working Fluid Hydraulic oil (mineral-based, synthetic, water-based fluids).
3. Typical Functions
• Power Transmission: Converts mechanical energy (from motors) into hydraulic energy to drive actuators.
• Motion Control: Achieves precise speed, direction, and force control via valves (e.g., servo systems).
• Load Buffering: Absorbs shocks using accumulators to protect system components.
• Lubrication & Cooling: Circulates fluid to lubricate friction pairs and dissipate heat.
4. Application Scenarios
• Construction Machinery: Excavators, loaders, road rollers (travel, steering, and working mechanisms).
• Aerospace: Aircraft landing gear retraction, control surface actuation.
• Marine & Offshore: Steering gears, windlasses, deck machinery.
• Industrial Automation: Injection molding machines, die-casting machines, robot joints.
• Agricultural Machinery: Tractor hitch systems, combine harvesters.
5. Advantages
• High Power Density: Delivers large force per unit volume, suitable for heavy-duty applications.
• Smooth Transmission: Provides stepless speed adjustment and stable motion.
• Overload Protection: Prevents system damage via safety valves.
• Flexible Layout: Piping can bend to adapt to complex spaces.
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III. Hydraulic Station vs. Hydraulic System: Key Differences
【表格】
Comparison Item Hydraulic Station Hydraulic System
Definition Integrated power unit providing hydraulic energy. Complete power transmission and control system.
Scope Focuses on power source components (pump, motor, valves). Covers full chain from power source to actuators.
Independence Can operate independently (e.g., fixed hydraulic stations). Requires integration with actuators (e.g., excavator hydraulic system).
Complexity Relatively simple (modular design). More complex (requires matching actuators and control logic).
Applications Fixed scenarios (industrial equipment, automation lines). Dynamic scenarios (construction machinery, aerospace).
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IV. Selection Recommendations
1. For Independent Power Supply(e.g., supplying multiple devices): Choose aHydraulic Station, focusing on pump flow, pressure, and tank capacity.
2. For Complete Transmission Control(e.g., device motion control): Choose aHydraulic System, matching actuator parameters (e.g., cylinder force, motor speed).
3. Special Environmental Requirements:
• High-Temperature Environments: Enhance cooling systems.
• Clean Scenarios: Use high-precision filters (e.g., NAS 6+).
• Explosion-Proof Scenarios: Select explosion-proof motors and valves.
